boreal woodland caribou

In September of 2010, the Endangered Species Conservation Committee (ESCC) recommended that the status of the woodland caribou be changed to ‘endangered’ because of persistently-shrinking populations due to a “decline in habitat quality with unsustainably high rates of mortality through predation” – essentially the same, persistent concern presented in 1985. This action contradicts caribou management plans dating back 30 years and the opinions expressed by members of the Alberta Caribou Committee, AWA and the public. By the end of 2006, the provincial government has directed forest companies like Weyerhauser to log forests in critical caribou habitat in order to minimize impacts from recent mountain pine beetle (MPB) attacks. The new Management Plan for Jasper National Park does not address this population, despite calls from  AWA and other organizations to close the Maligne road to winter use which would offer some protection to the caribou herd. Alberta Habitat Management before the Federal Recovery Strategies. Critical habitat for boreal caribou has been identified as two parts: Critical habitat for southern mountain caribou is identified in four parts: The 2012 recovery strategy for boreal woodland caribou gave provinces and territories another five years to develop range management plans. Achieving survival and recovery means: Caribou are listed as an Endangered Species under Alberta’s Wildlife Act (‘Threatened’ is not an available classification). Furthermore, AWA believes the dire measure of predator culls can only be justified as a temporary, last resort measure combined with strong caribou habitat protection and habitat restoration. June 2003 – On June 5th, the federal government enacted the first portion of the Species at Risk Act (SARA). The Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC) recognizes the woodland caribou as a rare species. Suncor/ConocoPhillips propose the construction of a 101-km-long sour gas pipeline through the home range of the Little Smoky and A La Peche herds. This includes both sedentary and migratory populations. Committees of key industrial representatives and other stakeholders have been involved in discussing caribou and developing provincial guidelines since 1991. Because woodland caribou require abundant access to lichens, they prefer to live in old-growth coniferous forests and peat wetland complexes. The presence of the female’s antlers can vary, from two, to one, to none. In winter 2005/06, an intensive annual wolf cull sponsored by the provincial government began in two west central Alberta ranges, Little Smoky and A La Peche. It would be better if the plan’s undisturbed target was set higher, at 80% chance to be self-sustaining. An ACFN stewardship strategy for thunzea, et’thén and dechen yághe ejere (woodland caribou, barren-ground caribou and wood bison). • Supporting caribou habitat restoration activities, which will also provide quality employment; Target dates for the task forces to complete their recommendations are: Cold Lake area by March 2020; Bistcho Lake area by April 2020; and Upper Smoky by September 2020. It finds that human-caused disturbance in ten Alberta boreal ranges actually has increased since the Recovery Strategy was released; disturbance dropped slightly in the two most remote northwest ranges, Bistcho and Yates. Two rutting male woodland caribou. The province says it will further engage First Nations people (who are still exempt from the caribou hunting ban) in caribou management, promote industry best practices for operating on caribou lands, and implement a predator control program. It certainly disturbs me that 100 wolves have to be killed to protect four caribou calves.”. The forest is also referred to as Taiga or the snow forest. The Edson Leader quotes provincial biologist and caribou management coordinator Michael Bloomfield: “We have no other choice. The ESCC is a ‘stakeholder’ committee, including representatives from the Alberta Forest Products Association (AFPA), Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers (CAPP) and the Western Stockgrowers’ Association. Please follow information signs posted at the park. June 2019 – Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) proposes an amended Recovery Strategy for boreal woodland caribou. Caribou have been an integral part of Indigenous culture in Canada for thousands of years, as a game animal, providing sustenance and resources for clothing and tools, and as a spiritual symbol, surrounded by many important cultural teachings and beliefs. The provincial caribou population is estimated to be 3600 to 6700 individuals. AWA will only support translocation, and limited use of cow-calf penning or predator management, if there is a clear priority placed on habitat-related actions. AWA welcomes this decision and calls on the Alberta government to defer further energy lease sales in endangered caribou ranges until effective rules are in place to protect and recover their habitat. However, as habitat area decreases, local caribou population densities increase as herds are forced into smaller and smaller habitat patches. Emaciated Dog Apparently Shot, Abandoned, and Left to Die Deserves Justice. These task forces promise to include 12 to 16 stakeholder representatives from indigenous communities, forestry, energy, recreational users, local municipalities, trappers, and environmental groups, including AWA. Boreal woodland caribou are being driven to extinction by habitat loss and human disturbance. Annual provincial government reports note the continued scarcity of caribou in the Athabasca Forest Area (AFA). This facility is not available in the winter. None of the recommendations from this report are adopted. According to the federal recovery strategies for boreal and southern mountain woodland caribou, recovery of all these caribou local populations is “technically and biologically feasible.”. AWA’s letter to the Minister of Environment and Climate Change Canada: December 18, 2020 Hon…. Another caribou management plan is drafted by the Fish and Wildlife division of the Alberta government, the Woodland Caribou Provincial Restoration Plan, with 5 main recommendations: 1. control predators (70% reduction in wolf populations); Provincial biologists and the conservation community have urged adequate protection since that time. The mountain variety exist only in the western provinces and territories, with the Alberta sub-populations being part of the southern mountain woodland caribou population (see area with orange lines and black plus signs (+) in map below). The report concludes that half of Canada’s boreal caribou herds are in decline and could die off unless their habitat is better protected, and points to logging and energy production as big threats. In fact, lichen is such an important food source for a woodland caribou that it makes up 70% of their diet. Also in July, a major new science and policy briefing note issued by the International Boreal Conservation Science (IBCS) Panel: Keeping woodland caribou in the boreal forest: Big challenge, immense opportunity. Woodland caribou are typically 1.0 to 1.2 m tall at the shoulder and weigh between 110 and 210 kg when fully mature. However, the male’s antlers are typically larger with one flattened paddle-like tine at the front. This approach has been ineffective in meeting Alberta’s stated goals to achieve self-sustaining woodland caribou herds and maintain the distribution of caribou in Alberta. MSAG’s final report is targeted for mid-2014. No such protection was implemented. moose, elk, deer) numbers and movement, and; Harassment and encroachment by industry and recreationalists into caribou habitat resulting in displacement. The boreal variety of woodland caribou exist across Canada in the North West Territories, B.C., Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, and in Newfoundland and Labrador (see green areas in map below). Province-wide ban on caribou hunting. Caribou are designated an Endangered Species by the Policy for the Management of Threatened Wildlife in Alberta, legislated under Alberta’s Wildlife Act. AWA believes that the bilateral Canada-BC agreement has very fragile aspirations that can be easily postponed. The Stewardship zone would include: Total disturbance area within stewardship zone not to exceed 20% ; no industrial footprints to exceed one hectare per square kilometer in any given square kilometer; and maximum linear disturbance threshold of 0.4 km/km2 within the stewardship zone as a whole. Provincial government recommends minimal protection for this species due to declining numbers through the 1920s. AWA notes that despite horizontal drilling technology that could consolidate new exploration and production on a reduced footprint, the Alberta government continues to issue leases and approve new surface disturbance including in the 5% of the Little Smoky caribou range that was formerly intact. With human-caused disturbances increasingly fracturing landscapes, this leaves little room for caribou to thrive. the latest updates on Ontario Parks and COVID-19. Picnic shelters are available for use (rentals not available). Alberta has spent over 40 years researching and monitoring caribou declines, and has held multiple collaborative planning processes. The Protection zone would include: No new industrial developments; no licenses, leases, authorizations, or permits on the land without ACFN’s written consent; and provincial and federal governments to fund and work with ACFN to implement a program of habitat reclamation where habitat has already been degraded. • Developing legally enforced land-use plans to manage caribou ranges; AWA praises this agreement as a step to enhance Cold Lake First Nations’ capacity and leadership to recover caribou, and cautions that progress will ultimately depend on the Alberta government’s willingness to advance the habitat and stewardship goals. The report is clear: “To conserve woodland caribou means dispensing with business as usual, which has demonstrably and repeatedly failed to meet caribou conservation needs.”, The report emphasizes that recovery is achievable: “Although the challenge of conserving caribou may look daunting, science indicates that both caribou conservation and resource exploitation are possible—if society makes room for caribou in the boreal forest in its plans and desires for the future.”. February 2010 – AWA and other Alberta conservation groups called for an emergency order from the Federal Environment Minister to enforce habitat protection for the endangered woodland caribou herds in the foothills and tar sands. Two major river systems – the Gammon and Bloodvein flow through the park; Bloodvein River is designated as a Canadian Heritage River, Excellent fishing for walleye, Northern Pike and Lake Trout and areas with Smallmouth Bass and muskellunge. However, it does not include timelines, maps or commitments of how or when minimum caribou habitat requirements will ever be reached. This becomes the first extirpation of a large mammal in a Canadian National Park in more than a century. Despite over 40 years of researching and monitoring these caribou declines, and holding multiple collaborative planning processes, Alberta has yet to produce caribou range plans and actions that adequately protect caribou habitat. But given that Alberta populations’ habitat is so highly disturbed now, achieving 65% intact habitat would be significant progress. The Minister of Sustainable Resource Development, David Coutts, adopts the plan with the notable exception of “the recommendation in Section 7.2 relating to a moratorium on further mineral and timber allocations on specific caribou ranges.” These “specific caribou ranges” refer to herds “at immediate risk of extirpation or extinction” and the recommendation itself states: “A moratorium on further mineral and timber resource allocation (or sales) should be put in place until a range plan is completed, evaluated, and implemented. The Federation of Alberta Naturalists withdraws its support for the Woodland Caribou Provincial Restoration Plan over government proposals to cull 70% of wolves near Jasper National Park. • With time and best management, harvesting caribou from naturally self-sustaining populations is possible. Common animals found in the boreal forests of Canada include large herbivores such as caribou, moose, elk and wood bison. The population was allowed to decrease until the few remaining caribou were killed in a March 2009 avalanche. Planning must consider the long term, in accordance with the long-term consequences of present-day human activities in the boreal forest.”, “The viability of a caribou population declines in the midst of disturbances to habitat, whether natural or human-caused. Meanwhile, disturbance from industrial and other human impacts has continued to expand in most caribou ranges. ... but many herds winter in the boreal forest (taiga). In winter 2005/06, an intensive annual wolf cull sponsored by the provincial government began in two west central Alberta ranges, Little Smoky and A La Peche. Woodland Caribou are a species found only in North America with historical ranges from the western Rocky Mountains in British Columbia to the eastern seaboard in Newfoundland, and from the northern tips of Washington, Idaho, and Montana in the United States upward into Alaska and the northern territories of Canada. Caribou are put on the provincial Red List of threatened species, defined as species that are at risk and have declined, or are in immediate danger of declining to a nonviable population size. David Suzuki Foundation (DSF) releases Room for Both: Realizing a Future with Sustainable Economies and Healthy Caribou Populations. Some comfort stations in the park may remain closed. For unidentified reasons the province re-opens the hunting season, according to a recent government report. Hunting is permitted only in specific seasons/locations, contact the park office for more information. This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged. An Information Letter (IL 94-22) put out by the Energy Utilities Board (EUB), the regulatory arm of the oil and gas industry, states “It is anticipated that significant flexibility on the part of both the operator and AEP will be required to ensure that the plans are able to effectively meet the two goals of allowing energy development while adequately protecting woodland caribou…Industrial activity can occur on caribou range provided that the integrity and supply of habitat is maintained to permit its use by caribou.”. For many of Alberta’s boreal caribou populations, an example of biophysical habitat is: conifer forests older than 50 years. They were first listed under this law in 1985, due to their low numbers and the decline in their distribution resulting from direct habitat loss, degradation and fragmentation. With focus on Albertan species, boreal woodland caribou are shown with solid green and mountain woodland caribou are shown with orange stripes and black plus signs (+) (© Working Together to Recover Boreal Caribou, Environment Canada, 2010). In 2014, a peer-reviewed article by caribou scientists in government and academia concluded that the wolf cull appeared to stabilize, but not recover, these caribou populations. But these areas have been increasingly impacted by industry – the key contributor to exclusion of caribou from quality habitat. A briefing note by AWA and David Suzuki Foundation: Jasper National Park Caribou are Almost…, The Alberta Wilderness Association, Athabasca Chipewyan First Nation (ACFN), Mikisew Cree First Nation (MCFN), David…, Last week, without any public consultation, the Alberta government proposed changes to the Forests…. The Alberta Ministry of Sustainable Resource Development (SRD) forms the Alberta Woodland Caribou Recovery Team. The plan’s two recovery goals are to: 1) achieve self-sustaining woodland caribou herds and maintain the distribution of caribou in Alberta and 2) ensure that long-term habitat requirements are met within Alberta’s caribou ranges. July 2010 – The Alberta government publishes the 2010 update of the report, Status of the Woodland Caribou in Alberta. July 2011 – On July 28th, The federal court decision is announced in response to legal action by AWA, Pembina Institute, and Alberta Ecojustice, seeking a court order to force federal Environment Minister Kent to recommend emergency protection of critical habitat for threatened caribou herds in northeastern Alberta. When a health unit moves into a Grey-Lockdown zone, according to Ontario's COVID-19 Response Framework, or if the province institutes any new stay-at-home orders, it may result in the temporary closure of overnight stays on campsites, backcountry campsites and in roofed accommodations in those regions. Woodland caribou management in Alberta is directed provincially by the Wildlife Act, and more specifically by a series of management plans. This wilderness park is a paddler’s paradise offering almost 2,000 km of maintained canoe routes on a myriad of rivers and lakes. The language in the report makes it very clear that, after 23 years of Alberta’s caribou “recovery” process, the picture remains dire for the species. Profitez de millions d'applications Android récentes, de jeux, de titres musicaux, de films, de séries, de livres, de magazines, et plus encore. As a non-expert committee, they often take scientific advice from their own Scientific Subcommittee. “Alberta’s chronic failure to protect its caribou means the federal government must step in with emergency protections before it’s too late,” says Cliff Wallis, AWA vice-president in a news release. Calgary Herald reports that caribou poaching continues in areas near Grande Cache. MAP: The Canadian distribution of 5 ecotypes of woodland caribou. Vault privies include washroom facilities that may or may not include flush toilets and running water for hand washing. The Federal Court overturns the minister’s decision not to recommend emergency protection for caribou. If you need an alternative accessible format of this content, please contact us. Boreal woodland caribou move extensively throughout the year but their winter and summer ranges overlap. Woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) – an iconic Canadian species (© C. Campbell). August 2015 – AWA finds that no new energy rights within any Alberta caribou ranges are scheduled for future sales. When these older forest stands are logged, it can take several decades before conditions are suitable for caribou to return. Some highlights in the proposed agreement include: range plans being established under provincial law, making them enforceable; acknowledgment of the importance of Indigenous collaboration; the phase-out of mountain pine beetle ‘surge clearcuts’ and the development of forest management plans that set harvest levels to support caribou recovery; developing energy access plans that maintain and restore habitat; and applying conditions in forestry and energy approvals to reduce cumulative effects. As caribou density increases, they are more easily detected by predators. Four subspecies of caribou are found in Canada – Woodland, Barren-ground, Peary, and Grant’s – each with distinct behaviour, form, and distribution. In 2015, this deferral was extended to all Alberta caribou ranges; Logging volumes allowed in some core areas of west central Alberta caribou ranges were reduced – unfortunately, unsustainable clearcut levels were re-allocated to areas adjacent to the deferral zones, which tends to unfavorably stimulate deer, moose and predator populations there, and; In 2018 and 2019, wildland provincial parks were established in northern Alberta that overlap with significant areas of two caribou ranges, and with parts of two other ranges. AWA visits and documents significant new road, well site and pipeline corridor disturbance within the last 5% intact area of the Little Smoky’s range. The report includes three Canadian case studies, including the October 2018 ‘Restoration Economy’ study of northwest Alberta commissioned by AWA, DSF and the Harmony Foundation. Activity available only where weather conditions permit. The newly approved forest management plan for Alberta Newsprint Company (ANC) includes a one-year deferral across the Little Smoky herd range. January 2012 – Federal Environment Minister Kent makes a decision not to recommend emergency protection of critical habitat for threatened caribou herds in northeastern Alberta. The federal government has not updated the SARA listing of southern mountain caribou to reflect this scientific assessment. Government report suggests southern range contraction, with no caribou herd found south of the Hay (or Wildhay) River. On either side of the self-sustaining spectrum, green is likely and red is very unlikely. Both boreal and southern mountain woodland caribou species were listed as ‘threatened’ in 2003. February 1990 – In a letter to the Edmonton Journal on February 11th, Assistant Deputy Minister of Alberta Forestry, Fish and Wildlife outlines Alberta’s policy on wildlife management: “It is recognized that any restoration plan for these ungulate populations must address all the factors which are influencing their viability, including the provision of needed habitat, the control of access and the regulation of hunting.”. August 2019 – Governments of Canada and Alberta release a draft Agreement for the Conservation and Recovery of the Woodland Caribou, which is a conservation agreement under section 11 of the federal Species at Risk Act. The Committee on the Status of Endangered Species in Canada (COSEWIC) re-designates the status of caribou as Threatened. © Queens Printer for Ontario, 2021 Reindeer lichen (Cladonia rangiferina). This area is valued by local Indigenous people who call this home and who honour the area with stories and teachings. AWA and AFGA lead the charge in calling for the suspension of caribou hunting in Alberta. These range plans need to outline how they would manage ranges to achieve and maintain, in the next 50-100 years, at least minimum caribou critical habitat requirements. Building capacity restrictions are in place. This activity is not available in the winter. Although range boundaries are often depicted as ending at provincial borders, retaining connectivity between ranges in Alberta, B.C., Saskatchewan and the Northwest Territories is important for caribou conservation. May 2013 – The Alberta government announces that, for the first time, it is deferring the sale of new mineral rights across the entire ranges of two of its fifteen caribou herds – the Little Smoky and A La Peche ranges – until Cabinet first adopts range plans describing how critical habitat will be protected to recover those two populations. The Redrock-Prairie Creek population is estimated to have declined from 212 animals in 2009 to 127 in 2012, a 40% decline. Increased competition for winter food resources has been suggested as the determining factor for development of female antlers in a population. The protection order is finalized in June 2019. In May 2018, the federal Minister of Environment and Climate Change released a statement that “Woodland Caribou, Southern Mountain population is facing imminent threats to its recovery.” This threat assessment includes seven B.C. Provincial biologists propose that caribou be designated a Threatened Species. The AFPA had previously agreed not to clear-cut log in caribou habitat areas, even with the advent of a pine beetle outbreak. AWA calls on the Alberta government to cease new surface leasing and new disturbance permits in Alberta caribou ranges and to make good on its promises to maintain and restore caribou habitat. 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